hi
i search the best battery to be used under 0 degre celsius
which one are the best for that between
LiMn
LiMn2O4
LiMnO2
LiFePo4
LiNCM
LiCoO2
?
That is 32 Fahrenheit for the audience.
Lithium metal primaries. Energizer L91 or equivalent. Everything else doesn’t work unless you keep it warm (at extremely low temperatures)
Probably CR123A lithium primary cells are best for extreme cold use.
forgot to say battery need to be rechargable
Uhh whatever chemistry a car battery is? Doubt that would be flashlight friendly though. Lithium rechargeables are terrible in the cold.
i read LiMn seem a little bit better then li-on… don’t know for the other.
You can’t always get what you want:
https://www.google.com/search?q=lithium-ion+temperature+cold
Li-ions may heat a flashlight up enough, but they aren’t going to recharge properly in cold conditions.
You can get what you need.
Energizer lithium primary AA or AAA have worked fine for me, for years, in cold weather camping
If you’re willing to work with large cells, these would work:
No reliable option. You can use them with reduced performance but you can not charge reliably at extremely low temp. NiCd & NiHM can take some charge at reduced rates: between –18C & 0 about 0.1C and between –5 & 0 C about 0.3C. Lithium charging is not advised below freezing. The best chemistry for charging below 0 is still lead acid
i don’t want to charge it at low temp… i want only to use it at low temperature
May be off-topic as it is regarding Li-ion which you did not list (apologies)
I have not and will not charge them in cold temps, however I have thoroughly used my li-ions in extreme cold temps and they work flawlessly.
Eg: I leave a flashlight in my vehicle all winter long, it never leaves the vehicle. We have had many weeks with temperatures dipping from –30c to –40c. The flashlight worked flawlessly in all of these temps when tested. I am sure there is obviously reduced performance but it still goes to show how capable they are in these temps. I am impressed.
All of my other flashlights and in particular my armytek wizard pro headlamp have endured MANY hours ice fishing in temperatures of –20 to –30c (and colder with windchill taken into account) and I have never had a single problem.
Quoted from http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/discharging_at_high_and_low_temperatures:
The performance of all battery chemistries drops drastically at low temperatures. At –20°C (–4°F) most nickel~~, lead~~ and lithium-based batteries stop functioning. Although NiCd can go down to –40°C, the permissible discharge is only 0.2C (5-hour rate). Specially built Li ion brings the operating temperature down to –40°C, but only on discharge and at a reduced discharge. With lead acid we have the danger of the electrolyte freezing, which can crack the enclosure. Lead acid freezes more easily with a low charge when the specific gravity of the electrolyte is more like water.
Basically, you can use any with reduced performance as long as it doesn’t freeze. If it does, the battery will be damaged and charging later will not be safe. For a pocket light you can use eneloops and lithium rechargeables (avoid them in series) but if you want to keep a light in the car or in a shed, just forget about anything but lithium primaries
huh, how about that. I've used li-ions down to -20C for hours at a time without issues other than slightly reduced runtime (and fingers I can't feel) and I've kept li-ion powered lights out in the garage that have spent months at -20C or lower which are still working just fine after several years.
I'd suggest you don't worry about it unless you're going for arctic conditions. Seriously, 0C doesn't even count as cold. Chilly, for sure, cold, not really :D
Wait, youre saying you have li ion, that has LSD properties? ie: can stay charged in storage for years?
Because conventional wisdom round these parts suggests they will go flat, in fact might even drop below 2.5v after sitting idle for months at perfect temps, let alone cold.
You got a very bad LiIon cell if it goes flat that fast or you are living in a very hot place. A normal LiIon can easily keep a significant part of its charge for a year at 25C
Capacity and power delivery goes down when LiIon gets cold, you can often find curves in datasheets.
Lifetime will increase when it gets cold.
I am not sure what cells you are using, but I have many LiPo batteries that have been “in storage” for 2+ years and didn’t drop below 3v. I believe 40% charge is the recommended storge level. Most of the ones I have are crap ultrafire that came free with a light and even they have held charge.
Just compare some datasheets of LiMn 18650 cells, mixed LiMn chemistries will work ok too. Most are rated down to –20°C.
Panasonic CGR18650CH is a popular cell that works pretty good in the cold.
Those and other batteries are commonly used in cordless tools should work a treat.
Just expect a lower voltage at the beginning and a reduced capacity (rule of thumb 1/5-1/3 is lost but only if the battery stays cold during use).
The cool thing with batteries in cold conditions is, that they heat up when you draw current. That makes them capable of drawing more current resulting in more heat. Meaning they’ll reach a propper usage temperature in steady uses and just work like normal.
I’d go with:
Samsung INR18650-25R according to datasheet 95% capacity at –20°C
Panasonic CGR18650CH
LG HE* should do fine, can’t find datasheets.
Avoid:
High capacity Pana NCR, Sanyo 2600fm etc.
There was a debate (thread) about storage of li ion and that they should not be stored fully charged, storage voltage was said should be around 3.6v. And that they will lose charge in a matter of months. Also that they end up with reduced cycle times and capacity if left stored at 100%
Ive never tested it, so cant say how my cells hold charge over time. But I do live in the tropics and store cells around 40-60%. I was going off that thread(s).
If you store them at 60C they will loose charge and capacity rather fast, but at 25C it is moderate. The batteries do not loose as much capacity at lower charge states, i.e. for long time storage (months to years) it can be a good idea to partial discharge them. This is also the reason new batteries are delivered with a partial charge.
as others have said, yes, pretty much. I don't take any particular care in preparing cells for storage (although I should), apart from putting unused cells in the salad basket in the fridge, and I haven't noticed any side effects or self discharge. I'm sure there is some, I just haven't gone to any effort to measure it, but it isn't to the point that it becomes an issue.
However, I do live in fairly temperate places, so the above won't necessarily hold true if you're hitting 40C+ on a daily basis. Got to say though, it was never the heat that killed me in the tropics, but the humidity! I could manage with 45C and low humidity, but 35C and 95%+ humidity wiped me out :)