How does a usb charger work?

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great job !

Thanks :+1:

:+1:
Thanks for another great write-up

Great writeup!! Really appreciate the time & effort you put into this.

You’re a wealth of information, many thanks!

You have my appreciation for the fine work you do in explaining how electromagnetic current can be modified in what might seem ‘magical’.

As J B S Haldane has been reported to have said, “Things are not stranger than you imagine, they are stranger than you can imagine”.

I am really impressed. :+1:

WOW!!!

Excellent. Thank you.

:+1: :+1:

subscribed :+1:

I’m eager to find the time to read this.
Thanks HKJ!

That was a great read :+1:

Very detailed article! Thanks!

Excellent article! I have no knowledge of electrical engineering, but I was still able to understand this article.

Is capacitor failure the most typical reason these chargers (and other consumer electronics) eventually expire?

I am happy to hear that.

Probably and when the capacitor fail it might kill other parts in the process.
If you look on you-tube for tv/monitor repairs, you will see that many of them starts by replacing capacitors.
Cheap capacitors placed at a hot location is a short-lived deal. On large multi port charges this will seldom be a problem, the number of hours that type of charger is hot is very low.

Hmm.
Have you ever heard about capacitor power supply (that are without transformer)?
95% of modern devices are equipped with them. And I think 99% of problems arise from them.

I would not call a capacitive dropper a real power supply.
They do not isolate from mains, i.e. everything is still mains connected and need the full isolation.
They have a very bad power factor.

But they are useful for small closed mains powered devices.

Thank you for this explanation. I’ll bookmark it. We have come a long way since the 4 diodes in a bridge plus capacitor.
And that was already radio-2.0 for me. Because my first kit radio had a triode… on batteries! What a disappointment. Many years later I found out that my father believed he had found a trusted source of almost-good-as-new zinc-catbon batteries.

uh…wow this is amazing.