you basically have the jist of it.
1aa cell (1.7v at best for a lithium aa) has to boost up to the voltage required for the led (requires current ) and provide current to drive the led. As the cell can only provide so much current, there isn’t much left to make the led bright.
2aa could start at 3.4v, around the voltage required to run a more upto date efficient led and the drive current is shared between the two cells.
1 x cr123 is 3v, closer to the voltage to run the led but it still needs to boost for most of the discharge time, also cr123 cells are not as available around England, which for me at least, makes cr123 lights a bit of a turn off.
18650 cells work from 4.2v to 3v (ok, maybe a smidge lower but 3v is a good cut off point) good 18650 cells don’t discharge much over time and for us in England, heat is hardly a consideration, extreme cold is not so much of an issue either. They also have a lot of capacity and are capable of giving out all the current you will likely need. You do need to make yourself lithium savvy, for safeties sake, and I’d recommend checking on it once a month, but other than theft, do you worry about leaving your laptop or mobile phone in the car?
I personally keep a light that can use 1 x 26650, 1 x 18650 (with adapter sleeve), 4 x aaa in a holder or 2 x cr123 (18650 sleeve again). I keep low self discharge nimh cells taped in the holder and the sleeve in the glove box and check the 26650 regularly. ? My edc lights both use 18650 cells so I have back ups in a long drawn out emergency but I’d say that all this is overkill tbh.
Common sense says get a decent quality 2 or 3 aa/aaa light, treat yourself to a set of suitable eneloops and a charger and you should be good.
The flashaholic in me says, bone up on lithium ion safety, get the charger, good quality cells and something like a convoy s2 or s3, m1 or m2 or something nice. I would also add a niteize head strap from machine mart, I use one at work (I work on refrigerated vehicles) the magnet can be over come with high power magnets available from a few places and a roll of insulation tape or heat shrink.
Welcome to the forum and have fun here.