Potting for space application is a very specialised topic.
During launch of a satellite, there is extreme vibration and acoustic noise, hence potting of some critical parts for mechanical reasons, though it is best avoided.
There may also be some thermal control benefit in the vacuum of space (no air, you see), but that’s generally managed much more precisely, and in completely different ways.
Then when in service, in microgravity, even zero gravity, and vacuum, out-gassing of chemicals is a great concern, any such vapour etc. hangs around like a miasma, and can condense onto optical components and degrade the performance of sensors, lenses, mirrors, imaging devices, by slowly fogging them up.
The extremes of temperature can be immense, between sunlight and shadow, depending on orbit or interplanetary trajectory. Ordinary materials are not designed or tested for this, and rapid degradation is the norm.
These things simply must not fail, until e.g their thruster propellant runs out, or their solar panels and batteries degrade too far, or their radio signals become too weak, or the antenna pointing mechanism, and associated gubbins, wears out. Fogging up the star sensors (also called star trackers, but that’s a misnomer, the stars are essentially fixed above us, it is we who revolve beneath) would be very bad (these things do still navigate by the stars, there is no other way). Even then there can be strategies to keep the science coming, Nasa is still superb at this.
These are powered by Plutonium-238 RTGs though, which also keep them warm and cosy. Half life 48 years ISTR, so lots still left, as long as the thermopiles are still in good shape.
However NASA, and other US agencies, are running out of the stuff, and Russia can’t/won’t supply any more, as they used to, along with their RD-180 rocket engines on which the Atlas-V rocket is utterly dependent. They are keeping their own for themselves. Those are some of the unintended consequences of applying sanctions to key people and companies. And not planning for the future.
Typically a big NASA mission will last the length of a career, for the leaders. If you start young you might get two or three such opportunities, working your way up, before retiring.
Naturally some aspects of design and materials selection can be very conservative, trusted and certified materials will be selected by default, and it would take a bold engineer to argue at design review why choosing something different was worth the risk.
Meanwhile, back on Earth, some more discussion of the pros and cons of different chemical systems, and what potting is useful here. And no, thermal conductivity is not one:
https://www.electrolube.com/blog/2017/02/13/a-potted-guide-to-resins-and-why-we-use-them/
Recommendation: start your evaluation with a slightly flexible two-part polyurethane.
I’ve had good results with 3M™ Scotch-Weld™ Urethane Adhesive DP620NS
3M ID B40066434
It’s not advertised for potting, and the price will make you weep, but it is still what holds many, if not most, F1 cars’ electronics boxes, sensors and connectorised wiring harnesses together.
And other important things.
3M, Raychem, and Hellerman Deutsch are still the trusted suppliers for the basic materials and connectivity stuff. For the clever bits, that’s another matter.
