Technically, your idea already exists.
However, it either needs a special IC to actually accept the 4.2V, or a specifically engineered solution.
Also, your solution does not respect USB standards, so making one of your own would be kind of dangerous.
That is because what would happen if you were to connect the USB-C plug inside of a regular 5V USB-C plug?
You would get massive overcharging of the cell.
Your idea is good, but its foundations are lacking.