Here is some information regarding throw: Flashlight Optics - Dome, Dedoming and Throw
The important relation is I=LA, where I is the luminous intensity measured in candela, L is the luminance, in cd/m^2, and A is the apparent area. So with a given emitter at a given current the beam intensity is proportional to the area of the lens or reflector of the flashlight. Of course, if there are imperfections in the lens or reflector you will get less throw than the relation predicts.