charging (miboxer)

noob here,

just getting into this world, long story short. i bought a miboxer c8 and a bunch of batteries from illumn, 18650 3.6v Sanyo NCR18650GA 3500mAh, 21700 3.6v Molicel 4500mAh INR21700P45B 45A. Again i dont know anything. the c8 has lots of setting, i leave it on the default liion 4.2. figure less amps is better for longevity set that to .5a, nothing got hot brand new batteries first charge since getting them in the mail. next morning it says 100% full but the mah reading is about 75% the 18650 was reading ~2900mah and the 21700 were reading 3900mah… why. then i see you can switch from 4.2 to 4.35v if i switch that the batteries now read 88% charged and i left a few of them on there. At 100% charged they now read there full mah, 1 of 6 was 100mah over stated sticker. am i damaging my batteries by doing this? any info would be much appreciated.

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Thanks for joining the gang, jbone!

Hi @jbone,

Welcome, and let me go through your post a little bit…

No problem, we all started with zero knowledge. :slight_smile: Then we either experiment (and make mistakes) or ask questions to extend our knowledge.

For charging Li-ion batteries, this is almost always the correct setting.

Indeed, a low charging current can extend the lifetime of the battery, but keeping the charge below 100% (for example between 30 and 80%) has a much higher impact. For the current, a good estimate is “0.5C”, which can be roughly translated into “half the capacity value”. So a 3000mAh battery could be charged with 1500mA. Many people prefer to keep it a little lower, though.

The charger can only tell you what charge it has added. You batteries were not completely empty, thus the charger couldn’t add “100%” and reported a lower value. To get a good measurement, you’ll need a charger with capacity test function that measures the capacity during discharge.

Now it becomes dangerous! Li-ion batteries are very sensitive for over-charging. It will drastically reduce the lifetime of the batteries and can even lead to fire and explosion. Charging them once to this voltage will probably not be a safety problem (they have some tolerance above their max allowed voltage), but certainly it already cost you some lifetime.

You might ask, why the charger has this mode? Because there are some special batteries (very rare) with a higher target voltage.

Yes, you are! And you also risk starting a fire.

What’s also important to keep in mind while handling Li-ion batteries? Never short them, never carry or store them without protection. A quick short circuit will immediately cause sparks and very high temperature, possibly welding the wire to the battery terminals where it then stay until the battery explodes.

Also never discharge them below 2.5V. At that voltage a chemical reaction will start which can cause all kind of trouble, often nothing, but often enough it will lead to an explosion. Not while it gets discharged, but when it gets charged afterwards – or even hours or days after charging. So you find a battery with let’s say 1.8V, you charge it to 4.2V, it doesn’t heat up. You put it away. Two hours later it bursts into flames. Yes, that’s when Li-ion batteries are dangerous.

Now discharge your batteries to a safe level (4.2V) and never use that 4.35V setting again with these batteries. And have fun with whatever you use them for. :slight_smile:

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As Sammy said, as long as you stay between 2.5V (better 3V, nothing to gain from going lower) and 4.2V and never short them, LiIon cells are pretty tame. But once you exceed those safe operating conditions, you got yourself a fire hazard.

Your 4.35V cells should be discharged below 4.2V immediately (and ideally not with a super high current, so don’t stick them into some super high drain flashlight and crank turbo). Just a regular discharge at 0.5-1A (slower is ok too, just takes longer) until they are below 4.2V. I’d personally discharge them down to 3.7V, because voltage will rise a bit after you stop the discharge, so if you discharge to 4.2V precisely, then unplug, they will go back up above 4.2V by themselves!

Overcharging (so, >4.2V) costs you lifetime, but is as far as I am aware not a long-term risk. If the cells do not burst into flames right away (judging from your comment they did not), as soon as you discharge them to a safe level, they will be okay to use again. Bit less remaining lifetime, probably, but not dangerous.

Only discharging <2.5V creates cells that can, as mentioned by Sammy, catch fire at random hours, days or even months later. That’s why pretty much all quality flashlights shut off way before reaching 2.5V.

thank you for the replies, very informative. i checked all batteries with a klein multimeter, all the batteries charged to the 4.2 are reading 4.15 and all the batteries charged to the 4.35 are reading 4.22. i am putting the 4.22 batteries in my head lamp on the lowest setting to get them lower. is miboxer a good choice or should i be looking for another?

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How worried should I be if I have an old MacBook or iPad that hasn’t been charged in c6 months? If it’s just been left off could the battery drain below 2.5v?

Those batteries always have built in protection systems that hard cut off around 3.2V. self discharge could get it lower, but usually the smart batteries do not allow charging anymore once they have been deep discharged.

So if it allows you to charge, it’s usually fine (this only applies for smart batteries, so the packs used in phones, notebooks, tablets etc).

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regarding the Miboxer C8 : is it a good charger or should it be replaced ?

I don’t see any reason to replace it, at the moment …

it passed the test of the well known danish reviewer HKJ with the rating to be a “good charger” …

at charging Li-Ions nearly all chargers of the known brands do a good job …

so did the C8 in that test, as well …

even at charging NiMHs, sometimes a weakness of Li-Ion chargers, it performed well, at least with the Eneloops mainly used there …

it offers significantly more charge current options between 0.1A and 1A than the very often recommended Vapcell S4 plus with its just 0.25A, 0.5A and 1A … (that can be helpful especially in case of charging NiMHs …)

the biggest difference between those two chargers is, that the S4+ has an additional discharge capability … that allows more accurate capacity tests, which correctly are done only by discharging batteries … that feature makes it a member of the category of “analyzing chargers” …

but like the C8 the very new Vapcell SU2 for example does not have a discharge functionality, either, but has great charging features …

https://lygte-info.dk/review/Review%20Charger%20Miboxer%20C8%20Smart%20charger%20UK.html