Current is limited by resistors, as with cheap lights, but 4 x AAA has more constant output than 3 x AAA, because more of the voltage drop is in the resistors and relatively less in the LED’s forward voltage.
No active electronics but the LED its self. Just resistors and a three way switch. Very German, even though it is of course manufactured in China.
Hi nice review wonder if you can tell us more about the zooming. It’s patented after all! Not exactly getting how blurry it is because it seems fine on the Nitecore EC4SW I played at a store.